Sulfites are chemicals that are often added to food and drinks to help keep them fresh. They act as preservatives, which means they stop food from spoiling too quickly. Sulfites also help prevent foods from turning brown or changing color and can slow the growth of bacteria and mold.

You’ll find sulfites in many common foods. They are often used in dried fruits like raisins, apricots and prunes to keep them looking bright and fresh. They are also found in wine and beer, where they help keep the taste stable. Some packaged foods like soups, sauces, pickles and processed meats may also contain sulfites.

On food labels, sulfites can be listed under different names. These include sulfur dioxide, sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, or potassium metabisulfite. Because there are several names, they are not always easy to spot when reading ingredient lists.

For most people, sulfites are safe to eat. Health experts have studied them for many years and allow them in foods in small, controlled amounts. Most people eat sulfites without any problems at all.

However, some people are sensitive to sulfites. This is more common in people who have asthma. In these individuals, sulfites may cause breathing problems such as coughing, wheezing, or tightness in the chest. A small number of people without asthma may also have reactions like headaches, skin redness, or stomach discomfort, but this is rare.

Severe reactions are uncommon, but they can happen in sensitive individuals. Because of this, people who know they react to sulfites should try to avoid foods and drinks that contain them.

For everyone else, there is usually no need to avoid sulfites. They help keep food safe, reduce waste, and extend shelf life. Many everyday foods contain them, and most people can eat them without any issues.

If you think sulfites might be causing symptoms for you, it can help to keep track of what you eat and how you feel afterward. This can make it easier to notice patterns and decide whether you should limit them.

In short, sulfites are common food additives that are safe for most people. Only a small number of individuals need to be careful with them, especially those with asthma or known sensitivities.

(Environmental Nutrition is the award-winning independent newsletter written by nutrition experts dedicated to providing readers up-to-date, accurate information about health and nutrition in clear, concise English. For more information, visit www.environmentalnutrition.com.)

©2026 Belvoir Media Group, LLC. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.