Eli Susman was a fairly experienced meditator when he attended a month-long retreat at Plum Village, a Buddhist monastery in Southern France in 2017.

The UC Berkeley PhD candidate in clinical science had been on other retreats where participants spent most of their time meditating. So he was surprised when he saw that the daily Plum Village retreat schedule included only 30 minutes of formal seated meditation a day.

Midway through the retreat he decided to extend one of his sessions, sitting beneath a tree for three hours. Later, he ran into a monk named Brother Treasure and told him about his practice. The monk's response was not what he expected.

"Three hours?" Susman remembers Brother Treasure telling him with a smile. "How about three breaths? That's all it takes to step into the present moment."

The words stuck with Susman. It led him to wonder whether an abbreviated practice that takes no more than a few breaths can make a difference in someone's life.

Seven years later, he and his colleagues at Berkeley's Golden Bear Sleep and Mood Research Clinic have evidence that it might. Earlier this year they published a paper online in the journal Behaviour Research and Therapy that describes how a simple 20-second self-compassion "micropractice" lowered stress levels and improved the mental health of undergraduate volunteers who did it every day for a month.

"Two of the biggest barriers people have for developing a meditation habit is having the time to do it and developing the habit of doing it regularly," Susman said. "Micropactices are like tiny training sessions that are based on the most potent parts of therapeutic practices."

Below, Susman describes the practice he developed for the study and explains how anyone can use it to try to feel better in less than one minute a day.

This interview has been lightly edited and condensed for length and clarity.

How do you describe the 20-second self-compassion micropractice that you studied?

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