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Spotlight on supplements: Spirulina

Bridget Cassady, Environmental Nutrition on

Published in Health & Fitness

Long before it was proclaimed a modern-day superfood, spirulina was reportedly cultivated and consumed in Aztec culture. Today, EN explores the popularity and proof behind spirulina.

Background

Spirulina is a microscopic, cyanobacterium (blue-green pigmented) whose name originates from its spiral shape. Spirulina naturally grows in mineral-rich freshwater lakes or ponds typically in Mexico, America, Central Africa, and Asia. Many species of spirulina exist, but Spirulina maxima and Spirulina platensis are frequently utilized in commercially available products.

Dried spirulina is available in powders, flakes, or capsules with high protein and amino acid content (~60% per weight), polyunsaturated fatty acids (gamma-linolenic), bioactives (phycocyanobilin, carotenoids), minerals (calcium, magnesium, selenium, iron, zinc), and B-vitamins. Spirulina’s use in food products is growing in popularity mostly in cereal products, snack foods, beverages, and as a meat substitute.

Evidence

Perhaps the most established benefits are improvements in risk factors for cardiovascular disease associated with the antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory activities of spirulina. A 2020 review also suggests spirulina shows improvements in weight loss, elevated blood lipids, and obesity. Additional research is needed to confirm the benefits of spirulina in various patient populations.

Safety

 

Like other blue-green algae, spirulina has the potential for contamination with bacterial toxins and may absorb heavy metals or pesticides. It is important to purchase spirulina from a trusted source. There is no standard dose of spirulina, but 10 grams/day was reported to be safe for up to six months in healthy individuals. Side effects may include headache, diarrhea, or nausea. Individuals with autoimmune diseases should avoid spirulina since it may modulate the immune system. Spirulina contains the amino acid phenylalanine, therefore those with phenylketonuria (PKU) should not consume.

Interactions

Data is limited regarding potential interactions with medications or other dietary supplements, but spirulina may interfere with immune suppressing drugs or those that slow blood clotting. Always consult with your doctor before adding a new supplement into your diet.

(Reprinted with permission from Environmental Nutrition, a monthly publication of Belvoir Media Group, LLC. 800-829-5384. www.EnvironmentalNutrition.com.)

©2022 Belvoir Media Group. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.


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