There are a number of additional measures you can take to help manage flares when they do occur.

Avoid NSAIDs. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen (Advil) or naproxen (Aleve) can impair the ability of the GI tract to protect and heal itself, and can precipitate a flare. If you are having pain, take acetaminophen (Tylenol) instead of NSAIDs.

Quit smoking. Smoking is a strong risk factor for developing Crohn’s disease and can also set off a disease flare. Quitting smoking is strongly associated with fewer flares, decreased medication requirements, and reduced risk of surgery.

Reduce stress. Although stress does not directly cause Crohn’s disease, it does strongly impact IBD symptoms. Many people with Crohn’s disease find the regular use of stress management and stress reduction techniques to be helpful. These can include meditation, deep breathing, biofeedback, yoga and cognitive behavioral therapy.

Simplify your diet. There is no specific diet that prevents or cures Crohn’s disease, but you may identify specific foods that tend to worsen your symptoms. Keeping a food journal can help you make these connections. There are also several general principles that help most patients feel better when they are experiencing a flare:

The bottom line

Most people with Crohn’s disease will experience a flare at some point, even if they take their maintenance medications as directed. Carefully monitoring and tracking symptoms every day will help you recognize a flare-up when it begins. Let your gastroenterologist know about a flare-up and to be sure to follow recommendations for medications and tests. Dietary and lifestyle modifications can also help manage flare-ups when they do occur.

(John Garber, M.D., is a contributor to Harvard Health Publications.)